The name basalt comes from the Ethiopian word "basal", which means "boiled". It is the most common extrusive rock. Basalt is a high-density, dark stone. It is a black or gray stone often covered with a reddish or greenish layer.

Structure 

Basalt is a dark inert mountain volcanic rock. It usually consists of plagioclase (white-gray), olivine (green, glasscolour), pyroxene (black, shiny), and also contains augite, magnetite, and titanium, which are natural materials. Basalt doesn’t burn and can withstand temperatures up to 1500 ° C.

Basalt rocks

To this group belong basalts, melanobasalts, basaltic andesite, andesites, dacites, andesitedecites, etc.

Advantages

• high resistance to pressure
• shock resistance (vibration damping)
• high chemical stability
• almost zero water absorption
• frost resistance
• ecological and hygienic safety
• natural raw material basalt has an unusual, unique appearance

Chemical structure

SiO₂ 45-52%,

TiO₂ 1—2,5%,

Al₂O₃ 15-18%,

Fe₃O₄ 8-15%,

CaO 6-12%,

MgO 5-7%,

CaO 6-12%,

Na₂O 1.5-3%,

K₂O 0.1-1.5%,

P₂O₅   0,2—0,5%